Perspective: This is the most critical element. Linear perspective uses vanishing points on a horizon line to ensure that parallel lines appear to converge as they get farther away.
Light and Shadow: Without a light source, an object is just a shape. By applying highlights, mid-tones, and core shadows, an artist gives an object weight and "roundness." 3d drawing
If you are just starting your journey into 3D art, your toolkit will depend on your medium: For Paper: Graphite pencils of varying hardness (from 2H to 6B). Perspective: This is the most critical element
Blending stumps (tortillions) to create smooth gradients in shadows. A steady ruler for precise perspective lines. For Digital: and core shadows