Effects -

: The biological effects of childhood trauma can lead to "priming" or sensitization, where the body's stress response remains permanently altered, causing heightened cortisol levels during future social interactions.

In the realm of medicine and biology, "effects" often describe how external substances or internal conditions alter the body's natural state. effects

: Conversely, the positive effects of exercise on depression are well-documented. Regular physical activity serves as a supplementary therapy that reduces inflammation and improves neurological health. : The biological effects of childhood trauma can

: Prolonged sitting is a significant risk factor for premature death. Studies indicate that adverse effects of a sedentary lifestyle include increased risk of chronic diseases, whereas active "rest bouts" can improve metabolic profiles. Regular physical activity serves as a supplementary therapy

: As the body ages, its response to substances changes. For instance, elderly individuals often show increased sensitivity to benzodiazepines due to a decline in homeostatic mechanisms in the liver and kidneys, leading to prolonged drug clearance and intensified side effects.

: The effects of prenatal stress can be transgenerational. Stress-related physiological changes in a mother can directly impact fetal development, influencing human health across an entire lifespan. 2. Psychological and Behavioral Effects