Positive and negative. Like charges repel, while unlike charges attract. Quantization (
Mastering Chapter 1 of Class 12 Physics is essential for building a strong foundation in electrostatics. This chapter covers the fundamental behavior of stationary charges and the invisible "fields" they create in the space around them. electric charges and fields class 12 notes pdf free download
Electric charge is an intrinsic property of matter that causes it to experience a force in electromagnetic fields. Positive and negative
): Charge exists in discrete packets. The total charge of a body is always an integral multiple of the basic unit of charge, Positive and negative. Like charges repel