Humans have harnessed the kinetic energy of water for over 4,000 years, beginning with simple water wheels used by the Ancient Egyptians to grind grain. However, it wasn't until the late 19th century that water power was first converted into electricity.

By replacing fossil fuel combustion, hydropower prevents about 3 gigatonnes of CO2cap C cap O sub 2 emissions annually.

Beyond massive dams, the "hydro" sector is undergoing a digital and technological revolution to improve efficiency and minimize environmental impact. Analysis of emerging technologies in the hydropower sector

Today, hydro is a cornerstone of the global energy transition: