is a serious lung infection that occurs in patients on mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours . It is the most common and potentially fatal healthcare-associated infection (HAI) in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) globally.
The ETT also damages the tracheal mucosa and halts the mucociliary escalator , which normally moves pathogens out of the lungs. 2. Diagnostic Criteria and Clinical Scoring ventilator-associated pneumonia ppt download
Diagnosing VAP is challenging because signs like fever and lung infiltrates are often seen in other ICU conditions (e.g., ARDS or pulmonary edema). Most guidelines use a combination of clinical, radiological, and microbiological criteria. is a serious lung infection that occurs in